The Babri Masjid – Ram Janmabhoomi dispute is not unknown to
many. However the sordid details of what happened on the night of 22 December
1949, the preparations that went into achieving what was achieved that night,
what happened in its aftermath and the various characters involved and the
roles played by them, may not be very widely known. “Ayodhya: The Dark Night –
The Secret History of Rama’s Appearance in Babri Masjid”, a book by Krishna Jha
and Dhirendra. K. Jha, researches and documents in detail, the cast,
characters, plot and story of what happened at the Babri Masjid site in 1949 (Jha & Jha, 2012, 2016) . In this entire
account of deceit and the communally charged atmosphere that was created, there
was one man who stood out and fought for communal peace and harmony, and did it
till the very end of his life.
An avowed Gandhian, Akshay Brahmachari was Secretary of the
Faizabad District Congress Committee in 1949. He made numerous attempts to first
prevent and subsequently douse the communal flare up that was threatening to
engulf Ayodhya at the time. The authors of the book write:
“As early as in the middle of November 1949, when the
communalists were busy digging up Muslim graves and desecrating the graveyard
outside the mosque, Brahmachari personally visited the spot and raised the
issue with District Collector K.K.K. Nair, unaware that everything was
happening with the connivance of the administration. It did not take him long
to realize the truth. For, barely hours after he discussed the issue with Nair,
a group of communalists barged into Brahmachari’s house and assaulted him
brutally.”
Although he could not prevent the installation of the idol
in the mosque, which was installed on the night of 22 December, 1949, by
Abhiram Das, however, it did-not deter him and he continued his fight for truth
and justice, writing a memorandum to the then UP Home Minister, Lal Bahadur
Shastri, on 20 February, 1950, hinting at the complicity of the District
Magistrate, K.K.K. Nair in the process.
The authors further write:
“He persisted with his protest even if it meant
travelling all alone, for all those who mattered in Ayodhya and Faizabad seemed
to have ganged up against the mosque, and Muslims were too frightened to come
out in his support. Communalists, who roamed the street of Ayodhya without any
fear, started calling him ‘Islamophile’ and ‘the real trouble maker’, and
within days, Brahmachari was forced to leave Ayodhya. Once he left, the mob
broke open the lock and occupied his house.”
Even after this, he continued to liaison with the higher-ups
trying his best to undo the damage that had already been done and to prevent
any further damage to the Hindu-Muslim relations. However, his attempts didn’t
yield any concrete result. And so, following in the footsteps of Mahatma
Gandhi, he decided to fast unto death.
The authors write:
“On 17 January 1950, a day after Gopal Singh Visharad’s
suit seeking permission to use the Babri Masjid as a temple and calling for an
injunction against the removal of the idol from the mosque was admitted in the
civil court of Faizabad, he wrote a short and straight letter to Lal Bahadur
Shastri, expressing his distress at the government’s reaction to the
developments in Ayodhya and declaring his intention to sit on a fast unto death
from 26 January 1950 to force the government to take appropriate action in the
case.”
Due to 26 January, 1950, being the day when our Constitution
was adopted, he could not begin his fast on that day. However, he began his
fast on 30 January, 1950, only four days later. Attempts were made to discredit
the fast, however it could not be ignored. Due to assurances given by Lal
Bahadur Shastri, he agreed to end his fast on 4 February, 1950.
Even after this, seeing that the situation wasn’t improving,
he continued to write to Lal Bahadur Shastri, sending him reminders after
reminders.
The authors further write:
“Simultaneously, Brahmachari took the battle to Delhi. On
8 July, 1950, he had a long meeting with Nehru to whom he explained in detail
all the happenings in Ayodhya and Faizabad as well as the apathetic attitude of
the provincial government.”
Jawaharlal Nehru
wrote to Shastri and directed Brahmachari to talk to him. However, nothing concrete
emerged out of this too. And so, he wrote to Lal Bahadur Shastri intimating him
of his desire to renew his fast on 22 August, 1950, which he began as promised.
This fast to be a much longer one and continued for thirty-two days. The issue
was discussed and debated in the legislative Assembly again and again, however,
still no concrete promises were given.
The authors note:
“Akshay Brahmachari, therefore, continued with his fast,
which had already entered its fourth week. He had become very weak, and his
health was deteriorating fast. It was in these circumstances that two prominent
Gandhians of the time – Vinoba Bhave and K.G. Mashruwala – intervened to
prevail upon Brahmachari to end his fast.”
Akshay Brahmachari broke his fast on 22 September, 1950.
However, his struggle for communal harmony did-not end with the fast and
continued till the end of his life.
The authors finally state:
“He spent the rest of his life attempting to resolve the
Babri Masjid – Ram Janmabhoomi problem and to deepen the roots of communal
harmony. But it was a silent struggle all through. And when he died after a
prolonged illness in Mayo Hospital in Lucknow on 28 April, 2010, only a small
group of his friends and his long-term companion Meera Behn felt the loss. The
Akshay Brahmachari Ashram in Chinhat on the outskirts of Lucknow still carries
on the mission the Gandhi of Ayodhya had set for it.”
Such are the unsung heroes who have faced all adversities
and stood tall for peace and communal harmony. Their lives need to be retrieved
from the annals of history, committed to memory, told, re-told and again
re-told for generations together, and celebrated for all their worth.
References
Jha, K., & Jha, D. K. (2012, 2016). Ayodhya:
The Dark Night - The Secret History of Rama's Appearance in Babri Masjid.
Harper Collins Publishers.
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